RESUMO
Introducción. Las controversias en torno a la apendicectomía laparoscópica (AL) se centran fundamentalmente en su índice de infecciones intraabdominales. Una complicación diferente y específica de la AL fue descrita por Serour et al en 2005 y denominada postlaparoscopic appendectomy complication (PLAC). Se trata de una infección intraabdominal, sin formación de absceso, tras una apendicectomía laparoscó-pica por apendicitis no complicada (simple, flegmonosa o con apéndice normal), desarrollada en pacientes dados de alta tras un postoperatorio sin incidencias. Revisamos nuestra casuística para conocer nuestra incidencia de infección intraabdominal e identificar casos similares a esta recientemente descrita complicación. Material y método. Revisamos retrospectivamente 651 historias clínicas de apendicectomía realizadas tanto por vía laparoscópica (AL) como abierta (AA). Los criterios para el diagnóstico de PLAC fueron: a) clínica: apendicectomía no complicada (AA o AL), alta hospitalaria estando asintomático, aparición de dolor en cuadrante inferior derecho tras el alta, fiebre y leucocitosis; b) anatomía patológica: apendicitis no complicada (se excluye las gangrenosas o perforadas), y c) ecografía: imágenes características. Resultados. Fueron revisadas 432 apendicectomías laparoscópicas y 219 abiertas. El índice de conversión fue del 11,1%. Las principales complicaciones fueron (análisis por intención de tratar): infección de herida, el 6,3% en AL y el 7,8% en AA; infección intraabdominal, el 4,2% en AL y el 2,3% en AA. Hubo 4 casos de 18 infecciones intraabdominales tras AL que cumplieron los criterios de PLAC: el 1% de todas las AL y el 22% de las infecciones intraabdominales tras AL. Conclusiones. La AL parece estar asociada a una mayor incidencia de infección intraabdominal. Nuestros resultados indican la posible existencia de una forma diferente de infección intraabdominal específica de la apendicectomía laparoscópica (AU)
Background. Controversies about laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) focus mainly on the high intraabdominal infection rate. In 2005, Serour et al described a distinct complication specific to LA, termed "postlaparoscopic appendectomy complication" (PLAC). This complication is an intraabdominal infection, without abscess formation, which develops after laparoscopic appendectomy for non-complicated appendicitis (simple, phlegmonous, or normal appendix) and is observed in patients discharged after an uneventful postoperative period. We reviewed our case series to establish our intraabdominal infection rate in appendectomy and to identify cases similar to this newly described complication. Material and method. We retrospectively reviewed 651 clinical records of appendectomy performed by the laparoscopic (LA) or open approach (OA) over an 11-year period in our hospital. The criteria for a diagnosis of PLAC were as follows: a) clinical criteria: uneventful appendectomy (OA or LA), asymptomatic status on hospital discharge, and onset of right lower quadrant pain, fever, and elevated white blood cell count after discharge; b) pathologic criteria: non-complicated appendicitis (gangrenous or perforated appendicitis were excluded), and c) ultrasound scan showing characteristic features. Results. A total of 432 LA and 219 OA were reviewed. The conversion rate was 11.1%. The main complications (intention-to-treat analysis) were wound infection (6.3% in LA versus 7.8% in OA) and intraabdominal infection (4.2% in LA versus 2.3% in OA). Four out of 18 cases of intraabdominal infection after LA fulfilled PLAC criteria, representing 1% of all LA and 22% of intraabdominal infections after LA. Conclusions. LA seems to be associated with an increased risk of intraabdominal infection. Our results suggest that a distinct form of intraabdominal infection specific to laparoscopic appendectomy may exist (AU)
Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Humanos , Apendicectomia/efeitos adversos , Apendicite/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Apendicectomia/métodos , Apendicite/complicações , Laparoscopia/efeitos adversos , Ileíte/etiologia , Sepse/etiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Controversies about laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) focus mainly on the high intraabdominal infection rate. In 2005, Serour et al described a distinct complication specific to LA, termed "postlaparoscopic appendectomy complication" (PLAC). This complication is an intraabdominal infection, without abscess formation, which develops after laparoscopic appendectomy for non-complicated appendicitis (simple, phlegmonous, or normal appendix) and is observed in patients discharged after an uneventful postoperative period. We reviewed our case series to establish our intraabdominal infection rate in appendectomy and to identify cases similar to this newly described complication. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed 651 clinical records of appendectomy performed by the laparoscopic (LA) or open approach (OA) over an 11-year period in our hospital. The criteria for a diagnosis of PLAC were as follows: a) clinical criteria: uneventful appendectomy (OA or LA), asymptomatic status on hospital discharge, and onset of right lower quadrant pain, fever, and elevated white blood cell count after discharge; b) pathologic criteria: non-complicated appendicitis (gangrenous or perforated appendicitis were excluded), and c) ultrasound scan showing characteristic features. RESULTS: A total of 432 LA and 219 OA were reviewed. The conversion rate was 11.1%. The main complications (intention-to-treat analysis) were wound infection (6.3% in LA versus 7.8% in OA) and intraabdominal infection (4.2% in LA versus 2.3% in OA). Four out of 18 cases of intraabdominal infection after LA fulfilled PLAC criteria, representing 1% of all LA and 22% of intraabdominal infections after LA. CONCLUSIONS: LA seems to be associated with an increased risk of intraabdominal infection. Our results suggest that a distinct form of intraabdominal infection specific to laparoscopic appendectomy may exist.
